Artículos que no son de libre acceso. Si desea acceder a uno de estos artículos contacte al Programa de Investigación http://hdl.handle.net/11606/457 2026-04-07T12:57:04Z 2026-04-07T12:57:04Z Basurto, Xavier http://hdl.handle.net/11606/491 2018-04-10T19:52:28Z 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z

Bureaucratic Barriers Limit Local Participatory Governance in Protected Areas in Costa Rica Basurto, Xavier The importance of local participation in biodiversity governance was recently recognised by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) through the incorporation of Indigenous Peoples' and Local Community Conserved Territories and Areas (ICCAs) as a protected area category. This paper explores what barriers ICCAs might face in their successful implementation within already existing protected area systems. I look at this issue in the context of the decentralisation of biodiversity governance in Costa Rica and examine the internal makeup of four different conservation areas within the National System of Conservation Areas. My findings suggest that it is not enough to enact legal reforms allowing and encouraging local participation. Successfully involving local participation requires attention to the class-based relationships within the protected area bureaucracy that create incentives (or not) to link with the local rural citizenry affected by these areas. In three out of four conservation areas, the dominant social class and urban-rural dynamics combined with a lack of accountability mechanisms have discouraged any real rural involvement and empowerment for decision-making. The strategy of the one area that succeeded at sorting these obstacles to incorporate local participation is described in detail.

2013-01-01T00:00:00Z Werden, Leland K. Alvarado-J., Pedro Zarges, Sebastian Calderón-M., Erick Schilling, Erik M. Gutiérrez-L., Milena Powers, Jennifer S. http://hdl.handle.net/11606/458 2018-02-28T16:36:59Z 2017-04-04T00:00:00Z

Using soil amendments and plant functional traits to select native tropical dry forest species for the restoration of degraded Vertisols Werden, Leland K.; Alvarado-J., Pedro; Zarges, Sebastian; Calderón-M., Erick; Schilling, Erik M.; Gutiérrez-L., Milena; Powers, Jennifer S. 1. Tropical dry forests (TDFs) are critically endangered, and their restoration is understudied. Large-scale passive restoration efforts in north-west (NW) Costa Rica have catalysed TDF regeneration but are not effective on degraded Vertisols, where active restoration is necessary due to high content of shrink–swell clays that impede regeneration following degradation. 2. We established a large-scale restoration experiment in degraded former pastures in NW Costa Rica to determine (1) the restoration potential of native TDF tree species on Vertisols, (2) if plant functional traits elucidate mechanisms behind interspecific variability in species performance and (3) if affordable and readily available soil amendments increase seedling survivorship and growth. We planted 1,710 seedlings of 32 native species coupled with five amendments aimed at ameliorating root-zone microclimatic conditions: sand, rice hulls, rice hull ash, hydrogel and unamended controls. For each species, we quantified a suite of resource-acquisition and ecophysiological functional traits, and monitored survival and growth seasonally over 2 years. 3. Interspecific survivorship after 2 years ranged widely (0%–92.5%). Functional traits including wood density, photosynthetic parameters and upregulation of integrated water-use efficiency, explained interspecific variation in survivorship and growth at distinct ontogenetic stages. Easily measured leaf traits, however, were not good predictors of restoration potential. 4. Hydrogel and sand amendments increased initial seedling survival, but after 2 years no differences among treatments were found. 5. Synthesis and applications. We have shown it is possible, albeit challenging, to restore tropical dry forest (TDF) on degraded Vertisols. Our results support the use of functional trait-based screenings to select tree species for restoration projects as tree species with high survivorship and growth in this stressful environment have overlapping ecophysiological functional traits. Furthermore, practitioners should consider water-use and phytosynthetic traits when designing initial species mixes for TDF restorations.

2017-04-04T00:00:00Z